Spirituality Studies 10-2 Fall 2024 71 Kristína Dědová, Anna Sleziaková, Veronika Mihaliková Table 1 Bivariate Correlation Analysis Role Spirituality importance Spirituality practice Emotional loneliness Social loneliness Total loneliness Victim 0.094* 0.07 −0.178*** −0.225*** −0.221*** Aggressor 0.03 0.05 −0.116* −0.086* −0.107** Defender 0.05 0.04 −0.10* −0.11** −0.117** Bystander 0.065 0.05 −0.084* −0.099** −0.101** Note: *p<0.05, **p<0.01 ***p<0.001 3.3 Testing Differences In the next analysis, we tested the differences between adolescents in each role group (victim, aggressor, defender, witness) compared to adolescents who did not take part in the bullying. The analyzed data had a normal distribution, Welch’s reliability coefficient was applied. 3.3.1 Role of Victim We demonstrated statistically significant differences between the role of victim of bullying compared to adolescents who were not bullied on the spirituality importance scale (t(212)=-2.43; p=0.016; d=-0.234) with a mean difference of −0.467 points. Victim role scored a mean of M=3.84 (SD=1.98) compared to non-bullied respondents who scored significantly higher on the importance of spirituality (M=4.31; SD=2.01). We also demonstrated statistically significant differences between the victim role and the general population for practicing spirituality alone (t(229)=- 2.14; p=0.034; d=-0.2) with a mean difference of −0.404 points. Victim scores averaged M=2.72 points (SD=1.91) compared to the general population who averaged M=3.12 points (SD=2.12). In relation to loneliness with respect to victim role, we similarly demonstrated statistically significant differences compared to non-bullied students overall (t(217)=5.88; p<0.001; d=0.56) with a mean difference of 3.067 points. Victims rated perceived loneliness significantly higher (M=20.5; SD=5.35) compared to non-bullied respondents (M=17.43; SD=5.57). Equally significant differences were demonstrated for both emotional loneliness (t(217)=4.82; p<0.001; d=0.461) with a mean difference of 1.356 points and social loneliness (t(210)=5.79; p<0.001; d=0.56) with a mean difference of 1.711 points. Victims scored identically higher on average for emotional loneliness (M=10.56; SD=2.88) compared to the general population (M=9.21; SD=3.00), as well as for social loneliness, where victims scored an average of M=9.93 points (SD=3.05) compared to students who were not bullied (M=8.22; SD=3.06). The results are described in Table 2.
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