72 Spirituality Studies 10-2 Fall 2024 Table 2 Testing Differences in Victims Variables Unbullied adolescents Victim t p Cohen’s d M SD M SD Spirituality importance 4.31 2.01 3.84 1.98 −2.43 0.016 −0.234 Spirituality practice 3.12 2.12 2.72 1.91 −2.14 0.034 −0.2 Loneliness 17.43 5.57 20.5 5.35 −5.88 <0.001 0.56 Emotional loneliness 9.21 3.00 10.56 2.88 4.82 <0.001 0.461 Social loneliness 8.22 3.06 9.93 3.05 5.79 <0.001 0.56 3.3.2 Role of Aggressor The role of the aggressor compared to students who were not bullied did not show statistically significant differences in the importance of spirituality (t(26.2)=-0.783; p=0.44; d=-0.156) or in the practice of spirituality (t(26.3)=-1.255; p=0.22; d=-0.247). Within overall loneliness, there were statistically significant differences between role aggressor and non-bullied students (t(25.5)=2.443; p=0.022; d=0.531) with a mean difference of 3.22 points. Individuals in the role of aggressor scored an average of M=21.16 points (SD=6.48) compared to non-bullied students (M=17.94; SD=5.59). We did not find a statistically significant difference between role aggressor and non-bullied students on social loneliness (t(25.5)=1.950; p=0.062; d=0.420). However, within emotional loneliness, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between role aggressor and non-bullied adolescents (t(25.)=2.825; p=0.009; d=0.59) with a mean difference of 1.821 points. Aggressors on average scored M=11.24 (SD=3.166) compared to non-bullied adolescents (M=9.42; SD=3). Table 3 summarizes our results.
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