Spirituality Studies 11-1 Spring 2025 31 Nadnapang Phophichit et al. 4.4 Stress Assessment Participants experienced a substantial and statistically significant reduction in stress levels following the FFMBI. The mean self-assessed stress score, as measured by the Suanprung Stress Test 20 (SPST-20), decreased from 32.07 to 23.00 (p<0.05). This reduction indicates a marked improvement in perceived stress following the intervention. Figure 3 Changes in Blood Pressure and Heart Rate 4.3 Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurements Changes in cardiovascular parameters were observed, though none reached statistical significance. Systolic blood pressure decreased from 124.43 mmHg to 124.27 mmHg (p=0.946), while diastolic blood pressure decreased from 75.43 mmHg to 73.67 mmHg (p=0.254). Heart rate showed the most pronounced change, decreasing from 71.83 beats per minute to 69.90 beats per minute (p=0.078). Figure 4 Change in Stress Figure 5 Changes in Brainwave Measurements 4.5 Brainwave Measurement The results of the brainwave measurements demonstrated significant enhancements in both the highest and average alpha/beta ratio scores. The highest alpha/beta ratio score increased substantially from 54.85 to 79.82 (p<0.05), indicating a marked improvement in relaxation and cognitive state. Additionally, the average alpha/beta ratio score rose from 6.16 to 9.80 (p<0.05), further corroborating the positive effects of the FFMBI on brain activity related to relaxation and mental calmness. 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) Heart Rate (bpm) 124.43 75.43 71.83 124.27 73.67 69.90 p=0.078 p=0.254 p=0.946 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 Stress Level 32.07 23.00 p=0.001 0.00 40.00 80.00 120.00 160.00 54.85 6.16 79.82 9.80 p=0.008 p=0.002 The highest Alpha/Beta Ratio Score The average Alpha/Beta Ratio Score
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