S p i r i t ua l i t y S t u d i e s 3 - 2 Fa l l 2 0 1 7 1 3 Mukund V. Bhole 5 Conclusions Traditional yoga education puts emphasis on getting knowledge (working of prānas) of the actions and activities (working of vāyus) during the yoga practices. Practices should not be mechanical in nature. Upanishads (Nikhilananda 1963) mention the sequence as kriyā-jnāna-upāsanā, i.e. activities (kriyās-vāyus) should give rise to knowledge (jnāna-prāna) and working with that knowledge (upāsanā- prānāyāma) should lead to habit formation reflecting in behavior patterns (being and becoming). Bhagavad Gita mentions karma-jnāna-bhakti, i.e. actions (karma-vāyus) should give rise to knowledge (jnāna-prānas) and working with that knowledge (bhakti-prānāyāma) should lead to devotion or commitment in life (being and becoming). Notes Those readers who will try to practice according to the guidelines given in the text, are requested to send their experiential observations to the author of the article and/or the editor of Spirituality Studies. [1] The nature of the knowledge gained and understanding developed in "material yoga" (bhautika yoga) and "transcendental yoga" (pāramārthika yoga) is of a different kind. [2] Yoga Kosa refers to prāna on pp. 223–224, to prānāyāma on pp. 225–226, to vāyu on pp. 290–293. [3] These movements are used in playing games, sports, swimming, body building exercises, dancing, and daily actions and activities for procuring food and drinks, working with office/factory/household machines, instruments and apparatuses involve along with the activity of sense organs. It is possible to carry on with these movements while continuing breathing (controlled or uncontrolled) and/or during breath-holding. [4] Five major vāyus are prāna vāyu, apāna vāyu, vyāna vāyu, samāna vāyu, and udāna vāyu. [5] Five minor vāyus are naga, kūrma, krukala, devadutta, and dhananjaya vāyu. [6] However, the text, Shatapatha Brahman, mentions that the activity of five sensory and five motor organs (indriyas) could be experienced in terms of five prānas. References Gheranda Samhita. 1978. Lonavla: Kaivalyadhama SMYM Samiti. Gharote, M. L., and Parimal Devnath, eds. 2005. Kumbhaka Paddhati of Raghuvira. Lonavala: Lonavala Yoga Institute. Gorakshasatakan. 1974. Lonavla: Kaivalyadhama SMYM Samiti. Nikhilananda. 1963. The Upanishads. London: Allen and Unwin. Hatha Yoga Pradipika. 1985. Munger: BSY. The Bhagavad Gita. 2014. Sivkasi: Srinivas Fine Arts. The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. 2007. Lonavla: Lonavla Yoga Institute. Vimuktananda. 1977. Aparókshanubhuti. Calcutta: Advaita Asrama. Yoga Kosha: Dictionary of Yogic Terms. 1991. Lonavala: Kaivalyadhama SMYM Samiti.
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